From Threads to Culture – Azerbaijan’s Fascinating Carpet Legacy
By When planning your next travel adventure, consider a destination where tradition and art converge in a unique tapestry of cultural richness. Azerbaijan, a country where the art of carpet weaving is not just a craft but a way of life, offers an intriguing alternative to the more familiar travel spots. Here, the saying “xalçam Harada, Yurdum Orada” translates to “wherever my carpet is, that’s where I live,” reflecting the profound significance of carpets in Azerbaijani culture.
A Cultural Fabric Woven Through Time
Azerbaijan’s connection to carpets dates back to the Bronze Age, embedding this art form deeply into its cultural identity. Carpets are not merely decorative items here—they are integral to daily life and special occasions alike. Whether adorning homes and restaurants, being sold in local markets, or even draped over the bonnets of vintage cars, these carpets tell stories of history, artistry, and tradition. Recognizing their cultural importance, UNESCO included traditional Azerbaijani carpet weaving in its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2010.
The National Carpet Museum
In the vibrant capital city of Baku, the Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum stands as a testament to the country’s deep-seated passion for carpet weaving. Designed by Austrian architect Franz Janz, the museum itself resembles a giant, half-rolled carpet, showcasing a golden geometric pattern. Inside, the museum’s three floors are a treasure trove of over 6,000 carpets, spanning from the 17th century to the present. These carpets represent various Azerbaijani regions, including those bordering the Caspian Sea and the rugged Karabakh region.
Founded in 1967 by renowned carpet weaver Latif Karimov, the museum was the first of its kind, established to celebrate and preserve Azerbaijani carpet artistry. Since relocating to its current site in 2014, it has become a pivotal center for research and education. Nearby, in Baku’s UNESCO-listed Old City, Azerkhalcha continues this legacy, dedicated to preserving traditional carpet weaving techniques and supporting the artisans who maintain this ancient craft.
A Glimpse Into the Craft
Carpet weaving in Azerbaijan is more than an art; it’s a deep-seated passion. Local weaver Sevinj Hajiyeva, who started learning the craft at age six, describes it as a profound connection, akin to nurturing a cherished family member. Her sentiments are echoed by other artisans such as Maleyka Abdullayeva and Najiba Panahova, who have devoted decades to perfecting their craft.
The historical significance of Azerbaijani carpets is well-documented. Ancient texts such as the “Book of Dede Korkut,” dating back to the 10th century, and the writings of notable figures like Herodotus, Xenophon, and Marco Polo, highlight their esteemed status. Carpets are classified into two main types: flat-weave and pile-weave. Each type is further categorized based on its region of origin, including Guba-Shirvan, Ganja-Gazakh, Karabakh, and Tabriz.
Weaving Tradition Into Modernity
The creation of these carpets involves a meticulous process that begins with shearing wool from sheep or lambs, followed by washing, spinning, and dyeing the yarn. Natural dyes extracted from plants, fruits, and vegetables—such as red onion, saffron, and pomegranates—are used to create vibrant colors. This ancient dyeing technique remains a preferred choice, preserving traditional methods through the ages.
Innovations in the field come from artists like Faig Ahmed, who reimagines traditional carpets with contemporary, three-dimensional patterns. His work, exhibited globally from New York to Paris, represents a fusion of age-old techniques with modern artistic expressions. Ahmed’s approach highlights the adaptability of Azerbaijani carpet weaving, proving that while tradition remains at its core, innovation is ever-present.
Experiencing the Tradition Firsthand
For travelers, Azerbaijan offers immersive experiences to witness this heritage. Carpet weaving workshops, such as those in Qadim Quba in the northern Quba region, allow you to observe the intricate process and engage with local artisans. Institutions like the Azerbaijan State University of Culture and Arts in Baku offer academic programs in decorative arts, ensuring that the tradition of carpet weaving is not only preserved but also evolved for future generations.
A Journey Worth Taking
Visiting Azerbaijan provides a unique opportunity to explore a country where carpet weaving is not just an art form but a vital part of cultural life. From the grandeur of the Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum in Baku to the personal stories of artisans like Sevinj Hajiyeva and Faig Ahmed, the country offers a rich tapestry of experiences for those interested in art, history, and tradition.
As you plan your next vacation, consider adding Azerbaijan to your itinerary. Its blend of historical depth, cultural significance, and modern innovation makes it a destination that not only stands apart from typical travel spots but also enriches your understanding of a unique cultural heritage.
Conclusion
Azerbaijan’s carpets are more than just beautiful objects; they are symbols of cultural continuity and artistic excellence. Whether you’re exploring the National Carpet Museum, attending a weaving workshop, or admiring the intricate patterns of modern designs, Azerbaijan promises an engaging and educational travel experience. This is a journey where you will discover how art and tradition are woven seamlessly into the fabric of daily life, making it a destination worth every moment of your exploration.
